New Viral Disease HMPV on the Rise among Chinese Kids-What Is This Virus?

China is currently facing a significant outbreak of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), particularly affecting children under the age of 14. This viral infection, which can lead to serious respiratory illnesses, has raised concerns among health officials and the public alike, echoing fears reminiscent of the COVID-19 pandemic.

What is HMPV?

HMPV was first identified in 2001 and is part of the same family of viruses as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It primarily causes upper respiratory tract infections but can also lead to more severe lower respiratory conditions, such as pneumonia. Symptoms typically resemble those of influenza and include cough, fever, nasal congestion, and shortness of breath.

Reports indicate a notable rise in HMPV cases across China, with hospitals experiencing overcrowding. This surge has been particularly pronounced in northern provinces and among children.

Social media posts have depicted scenes of overwhelmed healthcare facilities, prompting concerns about a potential health crisis2. However, there has been no official declaration of a state of emergency by the Chinese government or the World Health Organization (WHO).

Symptoms of HMPV Virus?

Chinese Government Response

In response to the Rise of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in China, various officials and government representatives have made statements addressing the situation. 

Mao Ning, Spokesperson for the Chinese Foreign Ministry, emphasized that respiratory infections peak during the winter and reassured the public that this year’s cases are less severe compared to the previous year. She stated:

“I can assure you the Chinese government cares about the health of Chinese citizens and foreigners in China. It is safe to travel in China.”

The National Disease Control and Prevention Administration introduced a monitoring system for pneumonia of unknown origin to enhance preparedness for respiratory diseases during winter months. This initiative aims to improve response capabilities following challenges faced during the initial COVID-19 outbreak.

Dr. Atul Goel, Director-General of Health Services (India), addressed concerns in India about the HMPV outbreak, stating:

“There is nothing to be alarmed about the present situation… Our hospitals are usually prepared with necessary supplies and beds.”

He urged the public to follow standard precautions against respiratory infections, such as avoiding close contact if symptomatic.

The Indian Health Ministry assured that there have been no reported cases of HMPV in India and that the situation is under control. The ministry emphasized that respiratory illnesses are common in winter, and hospitals are equipped to handle them.

How can we protect ourselves from HMPV?

1. Hand Hygiene:
   • Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
   • Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available.
2. Respiratory Etiquette:
   • Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when coughing or sneezing.
   • Dispose of tissues properly after use.
3. Avoid Close Contact:
   • Maintain distance from individuals showing symptoms of respiratory illness.
   • Avoid close contact with anyone who is sick.
4. Clean Surfaces:
   • Regularly disinfect frequently touched surfaces such as doorknobs, light switches, and toys.
5. Avoid Touching Your Face:
   • Refrain from touching your eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands.
6. Stay Home When Sick:
   • If you experience symptoms of HMPV or any respiratory illness, stay home to avoid spreading the virus.
7. Avoid Sharing Personal Items:
   • Do not share utensils, cups, or personal items with others.

Additional Recommendations

• Individuals with chronic respiratory conditions should take extra precautions and ensure their vaccinations are up-to-date.
• Practice general health wellness by getting adequate rest, eating a balanced diet, and staying physically active to strengthen your immune system.